<\/a> \u00cen anul 2011 se \u00eemplinesc 30 de ani de la descoperirea virusului HIV \u015fi totodat\u0103 30 de ani de lupt\u0103 \u00eempotriva acestui flagel mondial.
\nAt\u00e2t Biroul Na\u0163iunilor Unite pentru HIV\/SIDA (UNAIDS), Uniunea Po\u015ftal\u0103 Universal\u0103, Organiza\u0163ia Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a Muncii precum \u015fi UNI Global Union deruleaz\u0103 campanii de prevenire asupra pericolelor HIV\/SIDA.
\nAcestora li se adaug\u0103 \u015fi Romfilatelia, care va pune \u00een circula\u0163ie, pe 8 iunie 2011, o emisiune de m\u0103rci po\u015ftale cu tematic\u0103 social\u0103. Totodat\u0103, \u00eentre 8 \u015fi 10 iunie, la Sediul ONU de la New York, se vor desf\u0103\u015fura lucr\u0103rile Adun\u0103rii la Nivel \u00cenalt, care au ca tem\u0103 lupta \u00eempotriva HIV\/SIDA.
\n\u201ePacientul zero\u201c al epidemiei a fost descoperit \u00een Statele Unite ale Americii, \u00eens\u0103 speciali\u015ftii au ajuns la concluzia c\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 din anii \u201870 au existat persoane infectate. De atunci, SIDA a provocat moartea a peste 20 de milioane de oameni din toat\u0103 lumea.
\nAceast\u0103 boal\u0103 este provocat\u0103 de HIV (virusul imunodeficien\u0163ei umane). Virusul atac\u0103 exact celulele care protejeaz\u0103 corpul \u00eempotriva infec\u0163iilor. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce num\u0103rul acestor celule scade, organismul persoanelor infectate cu HIV (seropozitive) nu mai poate face fa\u0163\u0103 bolilor (pneumonie, tuberculoz\u0103, meningit\u0103). Atunci c\u00e2nd organismul unei persoane HIV ajunge \u00een acest stadiu \u015fi nu se mai poate ap\u0103ra \u00eempotriva infec\u0163iilor, se consider\u0103 c\u0103 acea persoan\u0103 sufer\u0103 de Sindromul Imunodeficien\u0163ei Dob\u00e2ndite, adic\u0103 SIDA.
\nSIDA a fost declarat\u0103 ca boal\u0103 de sine st\u0103t\u0103toare cu aspect de pandemie la 1 decembrie 1981. Organiza\u0163ia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii (OMS) a estimat num\u0103rul deceselor datorate urm\u0103rilor acestei boli ca fiind de 1,8 milioane (1,6 – 2,1 milioane) \u00een anul 2009, num\u0103rul celor infecta\u0163i pe plan mondial fiind de 33,3 milioane (31,4 – 35,3 milioane), anual infect\u00e2ndu-se alte 2,6 milioane (2,3 – 2,8 milioane) de persoane. Pe plan mondial num\u0103rul persoanelor infectate cu HIV se apreciaz\u0103 ca fiind de 1% \u00een grupa de v\u00e2rst\u0103 15-45 de ani. \u00cen unele \u0163\u0103ri din Africa, se apreciaz\u0103 c\u0103 num\u0103rul celor infecta\u0163i cu acest virus, \u00een aceast\u0103 grup\u0103 de v\u00e2rst\u0103, ajunge p\u00e2n\u0103 la 20% (\u015fi chiar mai mare \u00een unele regiuni).
\nMedici \u015fi cercet\u0103tori din \u00eentreaga lume fac eforturi uria\u015fe pentru a descoperi un tratament eficient \u00eempotriva HIV. S-au descoperit medicamente care \u00eencetinesc multiplicarea virusului \u00een organism, prelungind via\u0163a persoanelor HIV \u015fi ajut\u00e2ndu-le s\u0103 tr\u0103iasc\u0103 normal. \u00cen prezent \u00eens\u0103, nu exist\u0103 nici un vaccin care s\u0103 protejeze organismul \u00eempotriva infec\u0163iei cu HIV \u015fi nici un tratament care s\u0103 vindece SIDA.
\nZiua de 1 decembrie a fost declarat\u0103 \u00een 1988 de OMS ca zi interna\u0163ional\u0103 de lupt\u0103 anti SIDA.
\nAst\u0103zi, la nivel mondial, epidemia de SIDA a fost oprit\u0103 \u015fi r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea HIV este redus\u0103. \u00cen ultimii 10 ani, infec\u0163iile cu HIV au sc\u0103zut cu aproape 20%, decesele cauzate de SIDA au sc\u0103zut cu 20% \u00een ultimii 5 ani, iar num\u0103rul persoanelor care tr\u0103iesc cu HIV este stabilizat.
\n\u00cen ultimii 20 de ani, Rom\u00e2nia a depus eforturi deosebite pentru a opri r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea infec\u0163iei cu HIV. Ca urmare, mai mult de 10.000 de pacien\u0163i sunt actualmente \u00een via\u0163\u0103. Dintre ace\u015ftia, la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul anului 2010, un num\u0103r de 8.916 pacien\u0163i erau \u00een eviden\u0163\u0103 activ\u0103, mai mult de 7.200 afl\u00e2ndu-se efectiv \u00een tratament. Datorit\u0103 eforturilor de prevenire, noile infec\u0163ii cu HIV \u00een r\u00e2ndul popula\u0163iilor vulnerabile (consumatori de droguri injectabile, persoanecare practic\u0103 sexul comercial) sunt sc\u0103zute.<\/p>\n

Aducem mul\u0163umiri UNAIDS, Reprezentan\u0163ei UNICEF \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, precum \u015fi Centrului Rom\u00e2n HIV\/SIDA din cadrul Institutului Na\u0163ional de Boli Infec\u0163ioase \u201eProf. Dr. Matei Bal\u015f\u201c (Bucure\u015fti) pentru consultan\u0163a documentar\u0103 acordat\u0103 la realizarea acestei emisiuni de m\u0103rci po\u015ftale.<\/p>\n

Data de aparitie: 2011-06-08<\/p>\n

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