<\/a>Romfilatelia, cu ocazia \u00eemplinirii a 100 de ani de la \u00eenfiin\u0163area Institutului Geologic al Rom\u00e2niei, introduce \u00een circula\u0163ie emisiunea de timbre MINERALE.<\/p>\n

Mineralul este un corp solid cu o compozi\u0163ie chimic\u00e3 definit\u00e3, care se g\u00e3se\u015fte \u00een natur\u00e3 \u00een stare cristalin\u00e3 sau amorf\u00e3. Mineralele formeaz\u00e3 rocile \u015fi minereurile, fiind reprezentate prin diferite combina\u0163ii chimice \u015fi, rar, prin elemente native.
\nSunt cunoscute peste 4000 de minerale din care silica\u0163ii reprezint\u00e3 circa 34%, oxizii \u015fi hidroxizii, circa 25% iar sulfurile circa 20%.
\nMineralele prezentate \u00een timbrele emisiunii filatelice sunt: agatul, ametistul, blenda, cuar\u0163ul, fluorina \u015fi stibina.<\/p>\n

Fluorina (CaF2) \u2013 \u00een latin\u00e3 fluorum. Sistemul de cristali-zare este cubic. Poate fi mai rar incolor\u00e3 sau colorat\u00e3 \u00een galben de miere, verde, violet, albastru, av\u00e2nd c\u00e2teodat\u00e3 o culoare \u00een interior \u015fi o alta \u00een exterior. Are un luciu sticlos. Este termoluminiscent\u00e3 \u015fi fluorescent\u00e3. Se utilizeaz\u00e3 ca fondant \u00een metalurgie, \u00een optic\u00e3, industria chimic\u00e3, industria ceramicii. \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia se g\u00e3se\u015fte la Baia Mare, M\u00e3cin, Tulghe\u015f, Brad.
\nEste ilustrat\u00e3 pe timbrul cu valoarea nominal\u00e3 de 30 Bani.<\/p>\n

Cuar\u0163ul (SiO2). Sistemul de cristalizare este trigonal \u015fi se prezint\u00e3 sub un num\u00e3r mare de forme foarte variate. Dup\u00e3 aspect \u015fi mai ales structur\u00e3 \u015fi culoare, avem variet\u00e3\u0163i fanerocristaline: (cristal de st\u00e2nc\u00e3 \u2013 incolor, transparent, citrin \u2013 g\u00e3lbui, morion \u2013 fumuriu \u00eenchis, ametist \u2013 violet, ochi de tigru \u2013 galben brun); criptocristaline (calcedonia \u2013 varietate de cuar\u0163 fibros, ultrafin, cu culori diferite: onix, sardonix) \u015fi amorfe (opal \u2013 form\u00e3 hidratat\u00e3 a silicei). Al\u00e3turi de feldspa\u0163i este cel mai r\u00e3sp\u00e2ndit mineral din scoar\u0163a terestr\u00e3. Se utilizeaz\u00e3 ca piatr\u00e3 semipre\u0163ioas\u00e3, \u00een industria opticii, a
\ncomputerelor, a sticlei \u015fi \u00een industria abrazivilor.
\nEste ilustrat pe timbrul cu valoarea nominal\u00e3 de 50 Bani.
\nAgatul (SiO2), a c\u00e3rui denumire vine de la r\u00e2ul Achates din Sicilia, este o varietate de calcedonie cu zone concentrice regulate \u015fi frumos colorate \u00een mod diferit. Este utilizat ca piatr\u00e3 semipre\u0163ioas\u00e3. \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia se g\u00e3se\u015fte \u00een Maramure\u015f \u015fi Mun\u0163ii Apuseni.
\nEste ilustrat pe timbrul cu valoarea nominal\u00e3 de 1,00 Lei.
\nBlenda (ZnS) sau Sfalerit (\u00een greac\u00e3, sfaleros), este o sulfur\u00e3 natural\u00e3 de zinc de culoare galben\u00e3, verde, ro\u015fie, brun\u00e3 sau neagr\u00e3. Sistemul de cristalizare este cubic. Este folosit \u00een industria metalurgic\u00e3. Z\u00e3c\u00e3minte \u00een Rom\u00e2nia: Baia Mare, Mun\u0163ii Apuseni, Moldova Nou\u00e3.
\nEste ilustrat\u00e3 pe timbrul cu valoarea nominal\u00e3 de 1,20 Lei.<\/p>\n

Ametistul (SiO2), \u00een greac\u00e3 amethystos, este o varietate de cuar\u0163 cristalizat, colorat violet cu forme de bipiramide f\u00e3r\u00e3 fe\u0163e de prisme sau cristale prismatice, terminate cu romboedru direct. Este folosit ca piatr\u00e3 semipre\u0163ioas\u00e3. \u00cen \u0163ara noastr\u00e3 se g\u00e3se\u015fte \u00een Maramure\u015f.
\nEste ilustrat pe timbrul cu valoarea nominal\u00e3 de 1,50 Lei.<\/p>\n

Stibina (Sb2S3) sau Antimonit (\u00een latin\u00e3 stibium), are sistemul de cristalizare rombic. Cristalele sunt \u00eentotdeauna prismatice \u015fi alungite, de obicei cu striuri verticale. Adeseori se prezint\u00e3 sub form\u00e3 de snopi dispu\u015fi radial. Culoarea este
\ngri-alb\u00e3struie sau chiar neagr\u00e3 cenu\u015fie cu luciu metalic. Este cel mai important minereu din care se extrage antimoniul folosit la aliajele antifric\u0163iune, tipografie, \u00een industria cauciucului \u015fi a sticlei, la preparate farmaceutice, produse de
\nfiting\u00e3rie. \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia se g\u00e3se\u015fte la Baia Mare.
\nEste ilustrat\u00e3 pe timbrul cu valoarea nominal\u00e3 de 2,20 Lei.<\/p>\n

Emisiunea filatelic\u00e3 a fost realizat\u00e3 cu sprijinul speciali\u015ftilor Institutului Geologic al Rom\u00e2niei.<\/p>\n

Data Aparitie:2006-08-04<\/p>\n

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