<\/p>\n

Pentru anul acesta, sub genericul Europa 2019<\/em>, PostEurop, organism al Uniunii Po\u0219tale Universale, agen\u021bie specializat\u0103 a Organiza\u021biei Na\u021biunilor Unite, a ales tematica <\/strong>P\u0103s\u0103ri na\u021bionale<\/em><\/strong>, subiect apreciat de colec\u021bionari.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cele dou\u0103 timbre ale emisiunii de m\u0103rci po\u0219tale ilustreaz\u0103 Acvila de munte<\/em><\/strong> \u0219i Cioc\u00e2rlia de c\u00e2mp<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Primul timbru, cu valoarea nominal\u0103 de 1,80 lei<\/strong>, ilustreaz\u0103 Cioc\u00e2rlia de c\u00e2mp<\/em>, iar pe cel de-al doilea timbru, cu valoarea nominal\u0103 de 19 lei<\/strong>, este reprezentat\u0103 Acvila de munte<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00cen plus, emisiunea este completat\u0103 cu un produs filatelic special, cu medalie. Aversul medaliei red\u0103 \u00een prim-plan, imaginea acvilei de munte. Reversul acesteia prezint\u0103, \u00een prim-plan Crucea Eroilor Neamului<\/em><\/strong>, proiectat\u0103 \u0219i realizat\u0103 prin grija Regelui Ferdinand \u0219i a Reginei Maria \u00eentre anii 1926-1928, \u0219i dedicat\u0103, a\u0219a cum st\u0103 scris pe placa comemorativ\u0103 \u201e\u00eentru slava \u0219i memoria eroilor prahoveni c\u0103zu\u021bi \u00een Primul R\u0103zboi Mondial, 1916-1918, pentru ap\u0103rarea patriei\u201d.<\/p>\n

De asemenea, produsul special include \u0219i o reproducere dup\u0103 o gravur\u0103 artistic\u0103 (2002), autor Ion Octavian PENDA.<\/p>\n

Cioc\u00e2rlia de c\u00e2mp (<\/strong>Alauda arvensis<\/em>) Este o pas\u0103re c\u00e2nt\u0103toare larg r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, fiind prezent\u0103 din luna aprilie p\u00e2n\u0103 la debutul toamnei. Prefer\u0103 habitatele de step\u0103 sau c\u00e2mpie cu vegeta\u021bie ierboas\u0103 abundent\u0103, fiind adesea \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 \u0219i \u00een zonele cu terenuri agricole.<\/p>\n

Coloritul este \u00een general maro deschis, cu pete dese \u0219i \u00eentunecate, cu abdomen alb \u0219i cu marginea posterioar\u0103 a aripii albicioas\u0103. Pe cap are o creast\u0103 mic\u0103 \u00een compara\u021bie cu cioc\u00e2rlanul, a c\u0103rui creast\u0103 este mult mai accentuat\u0103. Lungimea corpului este de 18-19 cm, iar anvergura aripilor este de 30-36 cm, cu o mas\u0103 corporal\u0103 de 45-55 g. Longevitatea maxim\u0103 atins\u0103 \u00een natur\u0103 este de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 11 ani.<\/p>\n

Trilurile acesteia pot fi auzite \u00eenc\u0103 de la primele ore ale dimine\u021bii, acestea const\u00e2nd \u00een note \u00eenalte, repetate \u00een serii lungi. Cioc\u00e2rlia de c\u00e2mp este cu at\u00e2t mai special\u0103, cu c\u00e2t ea este singura pas\u0103re care c\u00e2nt\u0103 \u00een timpul ridic\u0103rii la mare \u00een\u0103l\u021bime, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd nu mai poate fi reperat\u0103 dec\u00e2t prin nesf\u00e2r\u0219itul ei c\u00e2ntec.<\/p>\n

Sosirea ei simbolizeaz\u0103 stabilirea prim\u0103verii \u00een locurile unde popose\u0219te \u00een anul respectiv. Datorit\u0103 obiceiului ei de a se ridica \u00een v\u0103zduh \u0219i de a c\u00e2nta \u00een \u00eenaltul cerului, oamenii au fost fascina\u021bi de prezen\u021ba ei, motiv pentru care cioc\u00e2rlia a reprezentat un laitmotiv al culturii rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti, inspir\u00e2nd compozi\u021bii muzicale precum Rapsodia Rom\u00e2n\u0103<\/em> a lui George Enescu \u0219i numeroase legende populare, fiind prezentat\u0103 fie ca fiica soarelui, fie ca fata ce s-a \u00eendr\u0103gostit de soare.<\/p>\n

Acvila de munte<\/strong> (Aquila chrysaetos<\/em>). Considerat\u0103 al\u0103turi de z\u0103gan (Gypaetos barbatus<\/em>), m\u00e2ndria de odinioar\u0103 a Carpa\u021bilor, cu o anvergur\u0103 a aripilor cuprins\u0103 \u00eentre 190-225 cm, acvila de munte apar\u021bine uneia dintre cele mai cunoscute specii de pas\u0103ri r\u0103pitoare de pe continent. Este amintit\u0103 \u00eentr-o mul\u021bime de legende \u0219i povestiri populare rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti, cu grij\u0103 culese de Simion Florea Marian \u00een Ornitologia Poporan\u0103 Rom\u00e2n\u0103<\/em>, publicat\u0103 la Cern\u0103u\u021bi, \u00een anul 1883, unde apare \u0219i sub alte denumiri populare precum: pajur\u0103, zgrip\u021boroaic\u0103, pajur\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103r\u0103teasc\u0103, vulturoaic\u0103<\/em>, etc. Acvila de munte nu poate fi considerat\u0103 neap\u0103rat o pas\u0103re specific\u0103 mun\u021bilor \u00eenal\u021bi, dup\u0103 unii cercet\u0103tori aceast\u0103 specie fiind \u00eempins\u0103 s\u0103 p\u0103r\u0103seasc\u0103 treptat etajul p\u0103durilor de fag \u0219i s\u0103 urce \u00een zone mai \u00eenalte, cu ofert\u0103 trofic\u0103 mai sc\u0103zut\u0103, \u00een principal ca urmare a exploat\u0103rilor forestiere masive din ultimul secol. \u00cen anii \u201950 mai cuib\u0103reau \u00een Carpa\u021bii rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti doar c\u00e2teva zeci de perechi, \u00een principal pe poli\u021bile abrupte ale Bucegilor, Retezatului \u0219i Ceahl\u0103ului. De asemenea, campaniile de combatere a lupilor cu stricnin\u0103, din trecut, au condus la sc\u0103derea drastic\u0103 a efectivelor, acvilele de munte hr\u0103nindu-se uneori \u00een timpul iernilor mai grele \u0219i cu cadavre de animale.<\/p>\n

Prezen\u021ba imaginii acestei p\u0103s\u0103ri s-a \u00eempletit cu istoria \u0219i tradi\u021bia multor popoare, fiind \u00eenc\u0103 din cele mai vechi timpuri deopotriv\u0103 stindard, drapel \u0219i simbol al unor imperii \u0219i civiliza\u021bii, adesea considerat\u0103 ca simbol al norocului.<\/p>\n

Simbolul \u201evulturelui de munte\u201d a fost legat de tradi\u021bia istoric\u0103 a Rom\u00e2niei, pornind de la vulturul primilor voievozi ai familiei Basarab, la stema Principatelor Unite din vremea lui Alexandru Ioan Cuza, la cea de dup\u0103 ob\u021binerea independen\u021bei \u00een timpul lui Carol I, ajung\u00e2nd s\u0103 fie transformat\u0103 \u00een simbolul Rom\u00e2niei Mari. \u00cen prezent, stema statului rom\u00e2n are o acvil\u0103 \u00een prim plan, av\u00e2nd pe cap coroana de o\u021bel a regilor Rom\u00e2niei, dar este ilustrat\u0103 \u0219i \u00een primul cartier al stemei, cel \u00een care se \u00eenf\u0103\u021bi\u0219eaz\u0103 stema Munteniei.<\/p>\n

Romfilatelia mul\u021bume\u0219te Muzeului Na\u021bional de Istorie Natural\u0103 \u201eGrigore Antipa\u201d pentru sprijinul documentar acordat la realizarea acestei emisiuni de m\u0103rci po\u0219tale \u0219i fotografului Silviu Matei.<\/em><\/p>\n

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