<\/p>\n

Din dorin\u021ba de a sprijini eforturile de protejare a mediului \u00eenconjur\u0103tor, parte din avu\u021bia na\u021bional\u0103, care trebuie conservat pentru genera\u021biile viitoare, Romfilatelia<\/strong> introduce \u00een circula\u021bie miercuri, 19 august 2020<\/em>, emisiunea de m\u0103rci po\u0219tale Flori protejate din Rom\u00e2nia<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Pe timbrul cu valoarea nominal\u0103 de 1,90 lei<\/em><\/strong> este ilustrat Deget\u0103ru\u021bul pitic alpin<\/strong> (Soldanella oreodoxa<\/em>). Genul Soldanella <\/em>(Primulaceae<\/em>) este caracterizat prin cele cinci petale violete unite \u00een form\u0103 de p\u00e2lnie, cu lobii cresta\u021bi, fiind endemic \u00een mediul alpin european. Specia Soldanella oreodoxa<\/em> se g\u0103se\u0219te \u00een Muntele B\u0103i\u0219oarei, rezerva\u021bia Sc\u0103ri\u021ba-Belioara \u0219i Mun\u021bii Vl\u0103deasa, la cca 1.000-1.400 m altitudine. Plantele au 8-22 cm \u00een\u0103l\u021bime la \u00eenflorire. Rizomii sunt ascenden\u021bi, de 2-3 cm lungime. Tulpina este scapiform\u0103, cu 2-6 flori. Frunzele sunt pe\u021biolate, cu pe\u021bioli de 2-8 cm lungime. Lamina frunzelor are baza cordat\u0103, iar marginea \u00eentreag\u0103, u\u0219or ondulat\u0103. Corola este albastru-violet\u0103, cu peri glandulari bruni; tubul corolei este de aceea\u0219i lungime sau mai lung dec\u00e2t laciniile. Stilul este de 8-13 mm, mai lung dec\u00e2t corola. Fructul este o capsul\u0103 brun\u0103, de 0,6-1,2 mm lungime, cu 10-14 din\u021bi. Soldanella oreodoxa<\/em> prefer\u0103 locurile umbrite p\u00e2n\u0103 la moderat umbrite, solurile moderat umede p\u00e2n\u0103 la jilav umede, moderat acide. Morfologic, specia este foarte asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu Soldanella major<\/em> \u0219i Soldanella hungarica<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Papucul doamnei<\/strong> (Cypripedium calceolus<\/em>), fam. Orchidaceae<\/em> este reprezentat pe timbrul cu valoarea nominal\u0103 de 3,30 lei<\/em><\/strong>. Este o plant\u0103 erbacee, peren\u0103, ocrotit\u0103 prin lege, geofit\u0103, mezofit\u0103, mezoterm\u0103, acid-neutrofil\u0103, sciafil\u0103, \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 pe soluri calcaroase, \u00een p\u0103durile umbroase din jude\u021bele Maramure\u0219, Bistri\u021ba-N\u0103s\u0103ud, S\u0103laj, Cluj, Mure\u0219, Harghita, Covasna, Bra\u0219ov, Sibiu, Alba, Hunedoara, Bihor, Cara\u0219-Severin, Mehedin\u021bi, Gorj, Arge\u0219, Buz\u0103u, Bac\u0103u, Neam\u021b, Ia\u0219i, Suceava. Se mai nume\u0219te blabornic, clon\u021bon, condurul-doamnei, floarea-cucului, gluga-ciobanului, papuc.<\/em><\/p>\n

Prezint\u0103 rizom repent, acoperit cu solzi, cu numeroase r\u0103d\u0103cini adventive, relativ groase. Tulpina este cilindric\u0103, pubescent\u0103, \u00eenalt\u0103 de 15-70 cm. Frunzele sunt alterne, sesile, eliptice sau ovate, cu nervuri proeminente, scurt-p\u0103roase. Florile sunt zigomorfe, solitare, uneori c\u00e2te dou\u0103, cu o foliol\u0103 a perigonului \u00een forma unei cupe, galben\u0103, celelalte purpurii, brune, mai mari. \u00cenflorirea are loc \u00een lunile mai-iunie.<\/p>\n

Frumuse\u021bea \u0219i parfumul florii i-au determinat pe excursioni\u0219ti s\u0103 o culeag\u0103 \u00een mod excesiv, fapt ce a dus la dispari\u021bia ei din anumite zone \u0219i r\u0103rirea considerabil\u0103 \u00een multe alte p\u0103r\u021bi.<\/p>\n

Pe timbrul cu valoarea nominal\u0103 de 5 lei<\/em><\/strong> este redat Bujorul rom\u00e2nesc <\/strong>(Paeonia peregrina<\/em>), fam. Paeoniaceae<\/em>. Plant\u0103 erbacee, peren\u0103, geofit\u0103, xeromezofit\u0103, mezoterm\u0103 spre moderat termofil\u0103, este \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 \u00een poienile \u0219i marginile p\u0103durilor din sudul ora\u0219ului Bucure\u0219ti \u0219i \u00een Dobrogea.<\/p>\n

Se mai nume\u0219te bujor de p\u0103dure, r\u00e2njioar\u0103, rujie, rujioar\u0103, sm\u00e2rdar<\/em> \u0219i este declarat monument al naturii. Prezint\u0103 fibre radicale tuberizate, oblong-elipsoidale \u0219i tulpin\u0103 erect\u0103, neramificat\u0103, glabr\u0103, \u00eenalt\u0103 de 50-80 cm. Frunzele \u0219i foliolele sunt ad\u00e2nc \u0219i dens-sectate, pe\u021biolate. Florile sunt mari, solitare, de culoarea s\u00e2ngelui. Au caliciu cu 5-6 sepale inegale, subfoliacee, iar corola este format\u0103 din 7-11 petale libere, obovat-cuneiforme, lungi de 5-7 cm, iar \u00eenflorirea are loc \u00een perioada mai-iunie. Se \u00eenmul\u021be\u0219te prin semin\u021be \u0219i desfacerea tufelor.<\/p>\n

Ghin\u021bura galben\u0103<\/strong> (Gentiana lutea<\/em>), fam. Gentianaceae<\/em> este ilustrat\u0103 pe timbru cu valoarea nominal\u0103 de 19 lei<\/em><\/strong>. Plant\u0103 erbacee, peren\u0103, medicinal\u0103, ocrotit\u0103 prin lege ca monument al naturii, geofit\u0103, mezofit\u0103, microterm\u0103, la pH<\/em> amfitolerant\u0103, calcifil\u0103, heliofil\u0103, este \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 pe paji\u0219ti din regiunile montan\u0103 \u0219i alpin\u0103, bogate \u00een humus. Se mai nume\u0219te abr\u0103measc\u0103, cahincea, dun\u021bur\u0103, fierea-p\u0103m\u00e2ntului, strigoaie, steger\u0103, \u021bintur\u0103. <\/em><\/p>\n

Este cultivat\u0103 pentru scopuri medicinale, rezistent\u0103 la temperaturile foarte sc\u0103zute din timpul iernii, vegeteaz\u0103 bine pe soluri bogate \u00een calciu, pe pante luminate, \u00eensorite. Tulpina plantei este fistuloas\u0103, cilindric\u0103, neramificat\u0103, glabr\u0103, frunzoas\u0103, \u00eenalt\u0103 de 40-140 cm. Frunzele sunt lat-ovat-eliptice, lungi p\u00e2n\u0103 la 30 cm, late p\u00e2n\u0103 la 15 cm, cu 5-7 nervuri arcuite proeminente. Florile sunt galbene, mari, lung-pedicelate, dispuse \u00een cime corimbiforme, iar \u00eenflorirea are loc \u00een perioada iunie-august.Fructul este de forma unei capsule conice, uniloculare, lung\u0103 de 6 cm, ce con\u021bine p\u00e2n\u0103 la 100 semin\u021be lat-aripate pe margine.<\/p>\n

Rizomul \u0219i r\u0103d\u0103cina plantei au utilizare terapeutic\u0103 \u00een medicina uman\u0103 \u0219i veterinar\u0103. Planta este recomandat\u0103 \u00een anorexii, convalescen\u021b\u0103, dischinezii biliare, pentru tratarea gripei, stimularea func\u021biei ficatului \u0219i a sistemului nervos. \u00cenmul\u021birea se realizeaz\u0103 prin desfacerea tufelor \u0219i prin semin\u021be.<\/p>\n

Romfilatelia mul\u021bume\u0219te Gr\u0103dinii Botanice \u201eDimitrie Brandza\u201d a Universit\u0103\u021bii din Bucure\u0219ti \u0219i Gr\u0103dinii Botanice \u201eAlexandru Borza\u201d a Universit\u0103\u021bii Babe\u0219-Bolyai din Cluj-Napoca pentru sprijinul documentar acordat la realizarea acestei emisiuni de m\u0103rci po\u0219tale.<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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